Cpp programming variables and types

In this tutorial, we will discuss Cpp programming variables and types

Variable is a very fundamental concept of all programming language for programmers. purpose of the variable in programming which is used to allocate memory(space) in memory location before we start to write programming.

Type of variables in C++

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Variable declaration

always, when we start programming, we should be defined essential variables. Variable definition means that the programmer allocate to store value needed space or memory location for programming purpose.

Common variable declaration

Syntax

data_Type variable name;

data_Type variable name1, variable_Name2,variable_name3 ............ variable_name n;

A variable declaration always ending with semicolon most programming languages

Here, data type means C++ language has many data type such as int, float, double, char etc..

The variable name is unique to help to identify memory locations

variable declaration

Declare a integer variable

Integer type

int age;
int age,marks,total;

Declare a charactor variable

Character type

char letter;
char letter, alphabet;

Declare a float variable

float

float average;
int average, area;

Declare a double variable

double

double balance;
double balance, prize;

Variable initialization in C++

In the above examples, we declared variables only, but none of them has been assigned or initialized any suitable values.

in this part, we are providing an initial value to variables or assign the value to variables according to their declaration. it is known as variable initialization.

Syntax

method 1

data_type variable_name=value;  //declaration and initilization in single line

method 2

data_type variable_name;  //variable declaration
variable_name=value;//variable initilazation

Examples

variable initialization

Declare and initialize a integer variable

Integer type

int age=29;//declaration and initilization of age variable
int marks;//declaration of marks variable
marks=67;//initilization of variables

Declare and initialize a charactor variable

Character type

char letter='A';//declaration and initilization of letter variable
char alphabet;//declaration of alphabet variable
alphabet='c';//initilization of variables

Declare and initialize a floating point variable

float

float average=78.6;//declaration and initilization of average variable
int area;//declaration of area variable
area=345.6//initilization of variables

Declare and initialize a floating point large variable

double

double balance=23456.76;//declaration and initilization of balance variable
double prize;//declaration of prize variable
prize=1234.54;//initilization of variables

Rules of Declaring variables in C++

A variable name can contain Alphabet letter(Upper case A to Z, Lower case a to z), digit 0 – 9 and the underscore character.
The first letter must be a letter or underscore.
Space can not be used variable name
Special charactor(lsimilar#, $) can not used as variable name.
Keyword in C++ language cannot be used as the variable name
Variable names always case sensitive

Example program for variable

#include <iostream>
#include <conio.h>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int age; //declare a integer variable
    age=34; //initialize a integer variable
    char ch;//declare a character variable
    ch='A';  //initialize a character variable
    float avg; //declare a floating point variable
    avg=78.98;//initialize a floating point variable

    cout << "age is: "<<age << endl;    //display the age
    cout << "letter is: "<<ch << endl;   // display the letter
    cout << "average is: "<<avg << endl;  //display the average
    return 0;
}

age is: 34
letter is: A
average is: 78.98

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Cpp programming variables and types

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