String handling in C programming language
In this tutorial, we will get to know about String handling in C Programming language
String handling is a technique used for handling any strings in “C” language. We have to handle string using character of the array in C language, as the string is not a special data type in C language.
The array of character or set of characters represents a string in C language
The array of characters are always terminated by a null character “\n”
Memory allocation of string in C using the char array
char greeting[]=”Hello” //declaration and initialization char in C using array
Example of String
- Name of the person
- Address of the house
- Name of item
Declaration of String
We can declare a string in C language in two ways
- Using an Array
- Using a pointer
How to declare string Using an array
Syntax
char c[]; or char c[20];
Initialization of String
char c[]=”Kannan”; or char c[20]=”Kannan”;
How to declare string Using a pointer
Syntax
char *c=”Kannan”;
Program for the string in C language
Example 1
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
char name[30]="Jhon seela";
//Display character array elements as string
printf("His name is %s\n",name);
getch();
return 0;
}
When the above code is compiled and executed, it will produce the following results
His name is Jhon seela
Example 2
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
char name[30];
//declaration and initialization of character array
printf("Enter your name..\n",name);
scanf("%s",name);
printf("His name is %s\n",name);
//Display character array elements as string
getch();
return 0;
}
When the above code is compiled and executed, it will produce the following results
Enter your name.. Jack your name is jack
example of the character with the pointer
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
char name[30]={'D','a','n','i','a','l'};
//declaration and initialization of character array
char *ptr; //Declare a pointer variable
ptr=name;//Assign the array to pointer
while(*ptr !='\0'){
printf("%c",*ptr);
ptr++;
}
getch();
return 0;
}
When the above code is compiled and executed, it will produce the following results
Danial
Program 3
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
char name[30];
//declaration and initialization of character array
printf("Enter name..");
gets(name); //Function to input string from user
printf("Name :");
puts(name);//Function to display string
getch();
return 0;
}
When the above code is compiled and executed, it will produce the following results
Enter name ... Jan nickson name: Jan nickson
In the above program, gets() and puts() string functions used to handle string. both these functions are declared in “stdio.h” header file in C language
Many more pre-defined string handling functions available in C language. String function in C language
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