Recursion in Cpp programming language

Recursion in Cpp programming language

In this tutorial, we will discuss recursion in Cpp programming language

A function calling itself is called a recursive function. another word, a function calling from the definition of the same function is known the recursive function and this procedure is known as recursion

Example of recursion function

How recursion works in C++

 

The flow of the recursive function

The recursion continues until some condition fulfilled

Example

Find factorial of a number using a recursive function in C++

#include <iostream>
#include <conio.h>
using namespace std;
int find_Factorial(int num);
int main()
{
    int num;
    cout<<"Enter the number to find factorial: ";
    cin>>num;
    cout<<"Factorial of" << num<<": "<<find_Factorial(num);
    getch();
    return 0;
}
int find_Factorial(int num)
{
    if(num>1)
        return num*find_Factorial(num-1);
    else
        return 1;
}

When the above code is executed, it produces the following results

Enter the number to find factorial:4
factorial of 4: 24

In the above program, first, find_Factorial() function called inside the main () function with passing its argument.

when the value passed to the function, it is stored in the num variable.

Initially, the value of num is 4 to pass as an argument, then the function calls itself, in it the value of num reduce by 1 and it becomes 3 and it passes to beginning “find_Factorial()” function. it continuously reduces by one in every stage until it comes to 1.

when the num becomes less then 1, here the if condition returns false and flow of control moves to Else part for execution.

Else part is executed, excludes from the function

 

Explanation of recursive function to find factorial

 

 

 

Advantages of recursion in C++

Easy to understand and the code becomes readable and reduces the number of lines of the program.

This recursion  is used  to make a complex task easy and also  flexible and repeatedly functioning is easier with using nesting iteration

Disadvantages of recursion in C++

Tracing and debugging are very difficult

Every recursive lacks a separate memory location, as extra memory is required process becomes very slow

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