Operators in Python programming language

In this tutorial, we will discuss Operator in Python programming language

Python programming language provides a rich set of operators to manipulate variables. We can divide all the Python operators into the following groups:

• Arithmetic Operators

• Relational Operators

• Assignment Operators

• Unary Operator

• Logical Operators

• Bitwise Operators

   

  Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to calculating mathematical expressions in the same way that they are used in algebra. The following table lists the arithmetic operators:

>>> //#example for Arithmetic operator in Python
>>> //#we can use Python Shell like a calculator
>>> 56+46
102
>>> 58-35
23
>>> 21*20
420
>>> 24/6
4
>>> 34%4
2
>>> 54//6
9
>>> 4**5
1024
>>>

Example 2

>>> x=12
>>> y=5
>>> print("x+y =",x+y)
('x+y =', 17)
>>> print("x-y =",x-y)
('x-y =', 7)
>>> print("x*y =",x*y)
('x*y =', 60)
>>> print("x/y=",x/y)
('x/y=', 2)
>>> print("x%y=",x%y)
('x%y=', 2)
>>> print("x//y=",x//y)
('x//y=', 2)
>>> print("x**y=",x**y)
('x**y=', 248832)
>>>

Example

Assignment Operator

In the Python programming language, assignment operators are used to assigning a value to a particular variable

for example – x=10 is a simple assignment operator that assigns the value 10 to the variable x

Python assignment operators and examples are shown below.

Example

>>> 
>>> x=16
>>> y=4
>>> z=x+y
>>> z
20
>>> x+=y
>>> x
20
>>> x+=y
>>> x
24
>>> x/=y
>>> x
6
>>> x*=y
>>> x
24
>>> x&=y
>>> 
>>> x
0
>>>

>>> 
>>> x=5
>>> y=3
>>> 
>>> x**y
125
>>> x=5
>>> y=3
>>> x**=y
>>> 
>>> x
125
>>> x//=y
>>> x
41
>>> x^=y
>>> x
42
>>> x>>=y
>>> x
5
>>> x<<=y
>>> x
40
>>>

Relational Operators- (comparison operator)

Relational operators are used to finding the relationship(compare) of values. It returns either true or false according to the given condition

Example

>>> 
>>> 15>12
True
>>> 13>56
False
>>> 23<45
True
>>> 35<28
False
>>> 15==15
True
>>> 15==16
False
>>> 34!=23
True
>>> 37!=37
False
>>> 12<=23
True
>>> 34<=23
False
>>> 25>=25
True
>>> 34>=35
False
>>>

Logical Operator

Three logical operators are available in the Python language. like  and, not, or

>>> 
>>> 
>>> x=True
>>> y=False
>>> 
>>> x and y
False
>>> x and x
True
>>> y and y
False
>>> 
>>> x or y
True
>>> x or x
True
>>> y or y
False
>>> 
>>> not x
False
>>> not y
True
>>> 
>>>

Special operators

Some type of special operators available in Python language for the special purpose

Identify Operators

Python language provides some identity operators for identification purpose

They are used to check when two values are located in the same memory location. It returns either true or false

>>> a=5
>>> b=5
>>> c='Hello world'
>>> d='hello World'
>>> e=[34,56,78,43]
>>> f=[34,65,78,43]
>>> print(a is b)
True
>>> print(a is not b)
False
>>> print(c is d)
False
>>> print(c is not d)
True
>>> print(e is f)
False
>>> print(e is not f)
True
>>>

Membership Operators

Python language provides some membership operators for a value or variable is found in a given sequence

>>> 
>>> x='Python language'    //string 
>>> y={1,'H',2,'e',3,'l'}  //tuple
>>> z=[34,67,85,43,25]     //list
>>> 
>>> print('h' in x)
True
>>> print('b' in x)
False
>>> print(3 in y)
True
>>> print(5 in y)
False
>>> print(85 in z)
True
>>> print(75 in z)
False
>>>

learn more about Python bitwise operator