Array data type in programming languages

Array data type in programming languages

We will learn about Array data type in programming languages

Description

An array is a data structure in Programming Languages. It is a collection of similar type of element that have continuous memory location. We can store a table of an object or primitive data type with a set of similar type of element using an array.

Array in Java is supported by index base identification, the first element of an array is stored at index 0, the last element of the array is stored at index n-1(n is array length)

Declaration of Array

When we declare the array in the programming language, we need to consider in two factors:

• Type of elements
• Number of elements

Syntax

Data_type Array_Name[Array_size];

Example

int marks[30];

float student_height[40];

char alphabets[26];

 

Array data type in programming

Array declaration in the programming language

int marks[6];

When we declare an array, memory allocates the fixed size of space according to array size.

In the above example, we declared an array size of 6 as an integer. So, memory allocates six places for array data.

 

Array Initiation in Programming language

Int marks[6]={45,76,56,87,43,67}

 

float Height[6]={45,76,56,87,43,67}

Ways of initialization of an Array

int marks[]={34,65,78,98,43,}

34 placed to marks[0] – 1 st element

65 placed to marks[1] – 2 nd element

78 placed to marks[2]- 3 rd element

98 placed to marks[3]  – 4 th element

43 placed to marks[4]  – 5 th element

 

Advantages of Array

Code optimization – It optimizes the code. We can retrieve and sort the data easily.

Random access – We can locate any data using any index position

It is used to represent multiple data items of a similar type with a single name.

It can be used to implement other data structure such as stacks, queues, linked list, trees, graphs

 

Disadvantages of Java Array

Size limit – We can store only fixed size elements in the array. But, it does not increase its size during runtime.

Since the array is of fixed size, if we allocate more memory than the required size, then the memory space will be wasted.

Therefore, We must know about the number of elements that are to be stored in the array beforehand.

 

Array types

Single dimensional Array

Single dimensional Array in Java

Single dimensional Array in C++

Single dimensional Array in C

 

Multidimensional Array

 Two dimensional Array in Java

Two dimensional Array in C++

Two dimensional Array in C

 

Three dimensional Array

Three dimensional Array in Java

Three dimensional Array in C++

Three dimensional Array in C